What Life Is All About - Bishop Barron

【如何開啟字幕設定】

Peace be with you. Friends, we come to the 17th Sunday of ordinary time and we're going to finish our reading of the 13th chapter of Matthew's Gospel. That great chapter dealing with the parables.
朋友們，願平安與你們同在。我們來到了常年期第十七主日，將讀完〈瑪竇福音第十三章44-52〉。這一章講述了許多比喻。 

And gosh, the ones we hear today are so fine. As I mentioned last week, there's a tendency to write the parables off as, you know, nice little stories with a moral and they're, you know, kind of charming. No, no, the parables are cutting to the heart of the matter.
哇~~我們今天聽到的這些寓言故事是如此精彩。就像我上週提到的，現今有一個趨勢將寓言消除，但你知道的，它是它們寓意深刻之微妙故事；而且，你知道其還挺有魅力，更好說是這些寓言故事直擊問題的核心。 

For many ways, it's Jesus' kind of preferred way of conveying the truths of the kingdom. And these are really good examples. The ones today are all about the  ”summum bonum“, the highest good, and therefore they're about what's most fundamental in the spiritual life. You could argue the entire Bible is about This theme.
在很多方面，此可以說是耶穌傳達天國真理的首選方式，而且這些真的很好。
舉例來說。如今的例子都與(拉丁文)  ”summum bonum“——至高至善有關；因此，它們關乎靈性生活中最根本。你甚至可以說整本聖經都在講述這些主題。 

I've said the master theme of the Bible is right, worship. And see, that's the same thing. You worship worth.
我說過，聖經的主題是正義、朝拜。而且你看，這兩者是一樣的。你朝拜上主是有價值的。 

what you think is of highest good, highest value——The ”summum bonum“. So what is that and how do you get your lives？
你認為什麼是至善、至高的價值(即拉丁文 ”summum bonum“)？那麼，那是什麼？你又該如何擁有這樣的生活？ 

Ordered to it? Makes all the difference, right? That's what these are about. So the first one Jesus said the kingdom of heaven is like a treasure buried in a field which a person finds and hides again and out of joy goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.
遵循它？這至關重要，對吧？這就是這些經文的意涵。所以耶穌首先說天國就像埋在田裡的寶藏，一個人找到了它，又把它藏了起來，然後欣喜若狂地把賣掉所有一切，買了那塊地。 

It's a cool image. We're not going to get it right away, but in the ancient world before, you know, insurance companies and all that when people uh left for whatever reason, maybe there was an enemy army coming or whatever, they would bury sometimes their valuables in in the field hoping that, you know, eventually they'd come back and they'd be able to recover them.
這畫面很酷。我們可能一時之間還無法理解，但在古代，很像是保險公司和舉凡人們因為各種原因離開時，也許是敵軍來襲之類的，有時會把他們的貴重物品埋在田裡，希望最終將能回來並找回這些東西。 

Well, then, you know, who knows? They were killed or they were distracted. They never came back. And that treasure remained buried in the field until maybe many years later farmer comes along plowing and comes across the treasure. That's the image here.
那麼，誰知道呢？他們可能被殺了，也可能被其他事情分了心。他們再也沒回來。那筆寶藏就此埋藏在地下，直到很多年後，一位農夫在耕地時發現了這筆(早已存在的)寶藏——就是這裡的畫面。 

So something you come upon that suddenly you realize this is of enormous value. In fact such great value I'm going to sell everything I've got to buy that field.
所以，當你巧遇某樣東西且突然意識到其有巨大的價值。事實上，它的價值如此之大，以至於要變賣自己所有的東西去買那塊地(好連同取得地底的寶藏)。 

Or the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant searching for fine pearls. When he finds a pearl of great praise, he goes and sells all that he has and buys it. See everybody, this is life. This is what it's about.
或者說，天國好比一個商人尋找美好的珍珠。當他發現一顆價值連城的珍珠時，他會變賣所有家產去買它。大家看，這就是人生。這就是人生的意義。 

Do you muster the capacity in your life to say now that I found the ”summum bonum“ the highest good the pearl the treasure I'm willing to sacrifice or ”summum bonum“ relativize or set aside everything else.
你是否在生活中竭盡所能說出我現在找到了”summum bonum“——至善、至高的珍寶，我願意犧牲相對於珍寶或忽略其他一切。 

See if I don't do that now we'll come at the end of the story we'll come to what happens this is the whole drama of the spiritual life.
看看如果我現在不這樣做，故事的結局我們終會揭曉，這整個靈性生活的全部敘事。 

Can you muster the capacity to order your life properly to the ”summum bonum“? Okay, you say I get that.
你能鼓起勇氣嗎？是否有能力妥善安排自己的生活，達到至善、至高？好的，你說我得到了。 

I get that. But what is it? How do I find it? What is the treasure? What is the pearl of great price? Well, let me tell you.
我得到了。但它是什麼？我該如何找到它？這珍寶是什麼？那顆價值連城的珍珠又是什麼？好吧，讓我告訴你。 

Rely here on both Pascal, the great French mathematician, scientist, and philosopher and Kierkegaard that great 19th century mysterious uh philosophical thinker.
這裡借鑑偉大的帕斯卡(Pascal)——法國數學、科學和哲學家，以及齊克果(Kierkegaard)——19世紀神秘的哲思想學家。 

They both say something similar really about three stages of life or three stages of value.
他們兩人對於人生三個階段或價值三個階段，看法其實很相似。 

Call them the goods of the body, the goods of the mind and then the goods of the heart.
你可以稱之為身體、精神以及心靈之益處。 

What are the goods of the body? Well, all those values associated with a sensual pleasure. So, food and drink and sex and other forms of sensual delight.
身體的益處是什麼？嗯，就是所有與感官愉悅相關的價值。例如，食物、飲料、性以及其他形式的感官愉悅。 

Are those good things? Yes. I've said a million times, Catholics aren't Puritans.
We like the body. We like the goods of the body. We're in favor of food and drink and sex and sensual pleasure. They're all good things.
Whatever God makes is good. The ensemble very good. So, we like all these things.
這些都是好事嗎？是的。我已經說過無數遍了，天主教徒不是清教徒。
我們喜歡這(天主賜予)肉身。喜歡對肉身有益的事物。為此，我們贊成飲食、性愛和感官享受。這些本質都是好的。
天主所創造的一切都是美好的。此整體組合也很好。所以，我們喜歡這一切。 

They're goods. But listen everybody, they're not the “summum bonum”.
They're not the highest good. Now I mean Plato understood this. This is a very ancient perception.
它們都是好東西。但各位注意聽著，它們並非至善、至高。
它們並非最好的。我是指：柏拉圖(Plato)明白這一點。這是一種非常古老的觀念。 

Why aren't they the “summum bonum” if you're a hedonist, right?
You think they are the “summum bonum”. That's what life's all about. Eat, drink, and be merry. That's what life's all about. Getting as much pleasure as you can.
如果你是個享樂主義者，為什麼它們不是最好的呢？
你認為它們就是終極目標。這就是人生的意義——吃喝玩樂，這就是人生的意義。盡情享受快樂吧。 

But what if sages across the ages realized well how ephemeral how fleeting these goods are?
I'm going to give an example. Um when I was in Santa Barbara, I was there for six years. Loved to you lived in a beautiful that beautiful city and one thing I love to do is there were mountains right near my house and I could just walk a little bit and enter a mountain trail and I there was this good challenging walk kind of up the mountain.
但如果歷代聖賢都清楚意識到：這些是轉瞬即逝呢？
我舉個例子。嗯，我在聖塔芭芭拉的時候，在那裡住了六年。我非常喜歡住在那個美麗的城市，我愛那裡的一件事就是我家附近就有山，我只要走一小段路就能進入一條山間小徑，那裡有一條很有挑戰性的路線。我沿著山路往上走。 

I get to the top after this good exercise. I could see Santa Barbara. I could see the Pacific Ocean. I'd walk down this beautiful hill and I'd get back home.
經過一番鍛煉，我終於到達山頂了。我能看到聖塔芭芭拉，能看到太平洋。我沿著這條美麗的丘陵往下走，然後我就回家了。 

I get a tall glass of ice water and I would sit down in my comfortable chair on the back porch and my back porch looked up at the mountains and I'd sit down and after that good exercise and the endorphins have been released, right?
我倒了一大杯冰水，坐在後廊舒適的椅子上。抬頭望著群山，然後我就坐下。這樣一來，運動效果不錯，腦內啡也釋放出來了，對吧？ 

And then I'm sipping the water and at that moment looking up at the mountains surrounded by beautiful things. I think this is bliss, you know.
This is just it. I love it. I love it.
之後我再小口啜飲水。在那一刻，我抬頭望著群山，周圍環繞著美麗的景色。我想，這就是幸福，你知道嗎？
就是它了。我太喜歡了。我太喜歡了。 

But then few minutes later, the water's gone. And uh Okay. All right. That was great. And I, you know, waiting for my next thing. What else am I going to do?
但幾分鐘後，水就沒了。呃，好吧。好吧。那很好。
然後我，如你所知道的，就等我的下一件事。我還能做什麼？ 

Like all sensual pleasure, it came and it went great. And then it passes.
Think of every meal you've ever eaten. The best meal you've ever eaten, the best one, surrounded by friends, nice cigar afterwards, and then the meal's over and okay, feel kind of stuffed. My clothes smell like cigars. Uh maybe I'm leaving a little bit sick from that dinner. You know, sensual pleasure, it happens and then it's over.
就像所有感官上的愉悅一樣，它來得快去得也快。然後這種感覺就過去了。
想想你吃過的每一餐。你吃過的最好的一頓飯，那一頓和朋友們聚在一起，之後抽了根雪茄，然後飯菜吃完了，感覺有點飽。我的衣服身上有雪茄味。呃，可能是晚餐吃太飽，有點不舒服。你知道，感官上的愉悅，有時候就是這樣。那就結束了。 

I've told you before about my uh addiction to popcorn.
Just today before I came over here, I had lunch. I have a very simple lunch.
Soup and a little bit of chicken and cheese. And I was still a little bit hungry. And so I I got this bowl of popcorn.
我之前跟你說過我有多愛吃爆米花。
就在今天我來這裡之前，我吃了午餐。我吃了一頓很簡單的午餐。
湯、一點雞肉和起司。但我還是有點餓。所以我又拿了一碗爆米花。 

And you know, when I'm eating popcorn, the first couple bites, it's like I'm in heaven. I love it. I just love it. But then, of course, I ate the whole bowl of popcorn. And afterwards you get the kernel stuck in your teeth and your mouth's kind of greasy and you got popcorn on your like that's bodily pleasures are like that. They come and they go.
你知道，我吃到爆米花，頭幾口簡直像是到了天堂。我太愛它了。真的太愛了。但是，當然，我後來又吃了一整碗爆米花。吃完之後，玉米粒會卡在牙縫裡，嘴裡油膩膩的，而且你身上沾了爆米花，就像肉體的快樂一樣，來來去去。 

Wise people realize.
智者明白這一點。 

They're not the “summum bonum”. They're not the treasure. They're not the pearl of great praise.
They're good, but they're not “summum bonum”. Okay. From the goods of the body to the goods of the mind. Now this is interesting.
它們並非至善至美，並非珍寶，並非備受讚譽的珍珠。
它們固然不錯，但它們並非一切皆善。好的。從身體的愉悅到心智的愉悅。這很有意思。 

As you mature and you get a broader experience of things, you realize there are certain goods that are accessed through the mind.
That are more substantial, less incent than the mere goods of the body. Think now of someone mathematics and science and literature and philosophy.
當你成熟和對事物有更廣闊的體驗，你會意識到有些東西只能透過心靈獲得。
它們比單單有形的肉體更豐厚、較少刺激。想想數學、科學、文學和哲學吧。 

These goods of the mind that give you access to deep and abiding truths about the world. You know, you have and Plato saw this.
You have stepped out of the ordinary world of sense, experience, the goods of the body to a higher plane.
這些心靈財富，使你能夠接觸到關於世界的深刻而永恆的真理。你知道，你已經擁有了，柏拉圖也看到了這一點。
你已經走出了從尋常世界的感官、經驗、肉體享受，而提升到更高的層次。 

Uh the great story here is um Alexander the Great and Diogenes the philosopher.
So the story if it's not true, it should be right that um Diogenes is there on a sunny day and he's drawing figures in the ground.
He's doing mathematical calculations and Alexander the Great had just conquered his town and he'd heard about this great sage.
嗯，這裡最偉大的故事是亞歷山大(Alexander)大帝和哲學家第歐根尼(Diogenes)。
所以，如果這個故事不是真的，那麼第歐根尼在一個陽光明媚的日子裡在那裡畫地面描繪，應該是真的。
他正在進行數學計算，亞歷山大大帝剛剛征服了他的城鎮，他聽說過這位偉大的聖人。

So Alexander comes and he stands next to Diogenes who's on the ground and he says, “you know, I am Alexander. I've just conquered your city. What can I do for you?”
所以亞歷山大走了過來，站在靠在地上的哲學家第歐根尼旁邊說：
「你知道嗎，我是亞歷山大。我剛剛征服了你的城市。我能為你做些什麼？」 

And the philosopher responded, you can get out of my light.
He was blocking the uh the light, you know, for the things on the ground.
What does that show you? That he was saying "Look, man. II know you can give me any sensual pleasure I want. I mean, you're the great Alexander, but I don't want those things. I'm not interested in those things.”
這個哲學家回答說，你可以從我的光芒中走出來。
亞歷山大他擋住了光線，你知道，就是遮住地上那些東西的光線。
這說明了什麼？他說：「聽著，夥計。我知道你能給我任何我想要的感官享受。我的意思是，你是偉大的亞歷山大，但我不需要那些東西；我不是對那些事物很有興趣。」 

I move to a higher plane, right? Or one of my favorite stories is of Thomas Aquinas, my hero, is that he and these brother Dominicans were coming back from a journey and they were approaching city of Paris, which was seen in the middle ages as s it is today, one of the great cities in Europe.
我提升到了一個更高的境界，對吧？或者，我最喜歡的故事之一是關於我的偶像多瑪斯·阿奎那(Thomas Aquinas)，他和這些兄弟多明尼加人結束旅程返回，正接近巴黎，正如今天一樣，在中世紀也被視為歐洲最偉大的城市之一。 

And they came to this ridge and they suddenly saw the city in all its splendor. And one of the brothers said, "Oh, what wouldn't you give for you know that city?"
他們來到這山脊，突然間，他們看到了這座城市的壯麗景象。其中一個兄弟說：「哦，就你所知，這城市還有什麼比這更美好的呢？」 

And Aquinus said, "I give the whole thing if I could just get that John Chrysostom 's commentary on Matthew as we're reading Matthew's gospel here."
阿奎那說：「如果能拿到我們正在讀的那本金口若望(John Chrysostom)對〈瑪竇福音〉的詮釋，我願意把整座城都獻出去。」 

Well, what that tells you is Thomas Aquinus, I mean, he wasn't beguiled by the  sensual pleasures that could come from, you know, ruling the city of Paris.
He wanted Chrysostom 's commentary. He had moved from the mere goods of the body to the goods of the mind. Okay. Have we found the “summum bonum”? Not yet.
嗯，這說明多瑪斯‧阿奎那，我的意思是，他並沒有被感官上的歡樂所迷惑——裁決巴黎。
他想要金口若望的詮釋，其已經從單純的肉體享受轉向了精神上的益處。好的。我們找到至善之境了嗎？還沒有。 

Not yet. I mean look, even those goods of the mind, philosophy, science, mathematics, they give us access to certain truths, but we know this.
You answer one question, you got 10 more, right? Answer those, you got a hundred more. Whatever truth you come to by means of these sciences. Well, it's not the totality of truth that the mind is looking for.
還沒。我的意思是，你看，即使是那些精神上的財富，哲學、科學、數學，它們確實能讓我們接觸到某些真理，但我們知道這一點。
你回答一個問題，你就會得到十個，對吧？回答完這十個問題，就會得到一百個。無論你透過這些科學得出什麼真理。嗯，這並非心靈所尋求的全部真理。 

Lteran said that, right? The mind wants to know everything about everything. It's not satisfied by uh particular truths. So the goods of the mind, they're good, very good, but they're not the “summum bonum”. What's the “summum bonum”?
Lteran是這麼說的，對吧？人的思維渴望了解所有事物的一切。它並不滿足於具體的真理。當然，這些很好，非常好，但它們並非至善之境。至善之境是什麼呢？ 

What Pascal would call the goods of the heart.
帕斯卡稱之為心靈之善。 

What Kierkegaard would call the properly religious dimension of life.
齊克果稱之為生活中適切的宗教層面。 

When the soul, the heart is opened up to God and to the things of God.
當全心全靈向上主和祂的事物敞開。 

What have we found in God alone? We found the highest good. Not something as incent as the goods of the world,
我們在上主那裡發現了什麼？我們找到了至善。它並非像世間萬物那樣刺激。 

like eating popcorn and relaxing after a great hike or what or savoring a great meal or whatever it is.
Greater even than whatever philosophy and science and math can give us.
God being itself, the source of existence, God, the infinite God.
就像徒步旅行後吃爆米花放鬆一下，或品嚐一頓美味佳餚，或是其他什麼。
甚至更勝過哲學、科學和數學所能給予我們的一切。
上主本身——存在的源泉——上主，無限的主。 

Now we found the “summum bonum”, the highest good. Listen now in relation to whom all the other goods find their place. See, we don't have to play the game of I found God, therefore I'm rejecting everything else. No, no.
現在我們找到了至善，即最完美的。側耳傾聽，舉凡人自有其用武之地。
你看，我們不必玩「我找到了上主，所以我要摒棄其他一切」的遊戲。不，不。 

Seek ye first the kingdom of God and his righteousness and the rest will be given unto you.
你們要先求祂的國和他的義德，這一切自會加給你們。 

Now with your loves properly ordered, you can see the relationship between bodily goods, intellectual goods, and the summon.
But see the point is everybody once you found the pearl of great price, don't mess around with simulacra. Once you found the treasure, sell everything else. Meaning, don't treat anything else
如今，你的愛已井然有序，你便能明白物質與智能之間的關係，以及當中的召喚。
但重點是，一旦你找到了那顆無價之寶，每個人，別碰那些仿製品。找到寶藏後，把其他東西賣掉。也就是說，別再仰賴其他東西了。 

As the “summum bonum”. Lord, the God of Israel is a jealous God. That's what it means. Not that God's falling into a jealous snit. He doesn't have emotions the way we do.
作為至善、至高之源。主啊，以色列的上主是一位忌邪的神。這就是它的意義。並非指上主會因嫉妒而生氣。祂沒有如同我們那樣的情緒。 

It means there's no competition here. You can't have two highest goods. When you find the “summum bonum”, relativize everything else in your life and order it there.
其意味著這裡不存在競爭。不可能存在兩種最高價值的產品。當你找到至善、至高之源時，把生活中其他一切都相對化，然後按照這個標準來排列。 

You know, an very good example of this to me is the great um Thomas More, Lord Chancellor of England, a man, you know, who loved the good things of the body.
你知道，對我而言，這是一個很好的例子。這其中就包括偉大的湯瑪斯·摩爾(Thomas More)爵士，英國高級大法官，一個熱愛對身體有益的事物。 

He had this manor house and he ate fine meals and he was acquainted with the most exalted spirits in Europe and he knew the goods of the body and of the mind.
他擁有一座莊園，享用美食，並且結識了歐洲最崇高的人，也懂得對身心有益之處。 

Of course, he did. But when he was brought to the scaffold because he had opposed Henry VIII, what did he say? I die the king's good servant. Yeah, he was all his life.
當然，他確實如此。但當他因為反對亨利八世而被押上斷頭台時，他說了什麼？「我願為國王效忠至死。」是啊，他一生都是如此。 

He was the king's good servant. He served the political ends of England.
Yeah, he believed in that. He was the king's good servant.
他是國王的忠實僕人，為英國的政治目的服務。
是的，他相信這一點。他是國王的忠實僕人。 

But God's first, right? That's how it works. Seek ye first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and the rest will be given unto you.
但上主永遠是第一位的，對吧？事情就是這樣。你們應先尋求天主的國和祂的義德，其餘的自會加給你們。 

What's the central tragedy of life? And I I make bold to say this without fear Of contradiction. The central tragedy of human life as Augustine put it is mistaking a creature for the creator.
矛盾的是，人生的核心悲劇正如奧古斯丁(Augustine)所說，人類犯的錯誤便是把受造物誤認為造物主。 

When I take anything creaturely, a good of the of the body or the mind, anything creaturely, and I make that my “summum bonum”, all the trouble in life that we experience spiritually and psychologically, everybody follows from that fatal move.
當我取用任何受造之物，無論是身體上的還是精神上的任何受造之物，並將之作為我至善、至高之源時，我們在精神和心理上經歷的所有人生困境，都是由那個致命的舉動造成的。 

Seek ye first the kingdom of God. When you find the treasure, relativize everything else. When you find the pearl, buy it. Relativize everything else.
你們要先求天主的國。找到寶藏之後，其他一切都要相對化。找到並買下珍珠。其他一切都要相對化而非絕對真理。 

To get that right is to live as a citizen of the kingdom of God. And God bless you.
做到這一點，就是活出天國子民的生命。願上主保佑你。